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IIR document
Freezewave H2020 project-microwave assisted freezing of potato.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Effect of supercooling freezing on the blanched and non-balanced potato compare with conventional freezing methods.
Freeze-thaw stability of konjac glocomannane-potato starch gels: stability from macroscopic to microscopic scale, using image processing.
Freeze stability of starch mixtures. Interest of konjac glucomannan in reducing the freezable water and impact on gelatinization properties of potato starch.
Refrigeration and thermal control during industrial storage of potatoes to prevent acrylamide.
Life cycle saving analysis of an earth-coupled building without and with roof evaporative cooling for energy efficient potato storage application.
Investigating the microstructure of frozen foods using X-ray microtomography: a comparative study.
Heat transfer research on food frozen by cryogenic liquid nitrogen.
[In Chinese. / En chinois.]
Food thermal distribution-based control of industrial freezers.
Numerical study of a Phase Change Material (PCM) embedded solar thermal energy operated cool store: A feasibility study.
CALLIFREEZE. Inline measurement of the degree of freezing of food products.
Cold Storage. Released April 22, 2014, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Experimental analysis of freezing process of stationary food samples inside a hydrofluidisation freezing chamber.
No food left behind. Part 1: underutilized produce ripe for alternative markets.
Recommendations for maintaining postharvest quality: potato (immature early crop)./ Recommandations pour maintenir la qualité après récolte : pomme de terre (primeur).
Recommendations for maintaining postharvest quality: potato (immature early crop).
Refrigeration sector monitoring
31 results
Example of automation in a frozen French fry warehouse in the USA
In Washington state, one of the biggest frozen storage warehouses in the world is also one of the most automated.
The French frozen food market
Total consumption (including foodservice as well as retail channels) amounted to an estimated EUR 9.1bn in 2013, of which the retail sector was worth approximately 60%.
Refrigeration innovations for the avocado market
The booming global avocado market calls for increasing standards of quality. Refrigeration technologies offer cutting-edge solutions for fruit ripening and seed preservation for future crops.
UK frozen food in 2020: market growth and sustainability
A report by the British Frozen Food Federation (BFFF) reveals a significant growth rate of the frozen food sector in 2020. The report also suggests that the industry is addressing environmental issues such as...
Cold storage: sustainable solutions for developing countries with hot climates
Two papers from the recent IIR Congress illustrate the importance of developing the cold chain in developing countries with warm climates. In particular, in India, environmentally-friendly technical solutions...
Refrigeration now at the heart of international discussions
The recent G7 meeting in France and the United Nations Climate Action Summit 2019 in the US illustrate the growing importance of the refrigeration sector in international discussions.
Do aliens use CFCs?
What if the search for extra-terrestrial life took a new turn? A grant recently awarded to a team of scientists will finance research for "technosignatures", which would include CFCs.
Must read in IJR: a comprehensive review on fault detection in HVAC systems
The latest research and developments in the fault detection and diagnostics of HVAC systems are presented in several articles recently published in the IJR.
Vapour compression refrigeration for space applications
An IJR review paper presents the history of vapour-compression refrigeration systems used in microgravity environments and sets the next steps of research needed to achieve reliable...
Ratification of the European Standard EN 378: the IoR publishes a guidance note to highlight the significant changes.
What are the main differences between the EN 378:2008 and the EN 378:2016 "Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental requirements" ? The Institute of Refrigeration answers through a four page Guidance Note.
France: The NF EN 378 standard enters into force on April 1st, 2017 (in French)
The NF EN 378 standard providing guidance for companies who work with refrigerating systems, entered into force in France on April 1st, 2017.
Earth-to-air heat exchanger for air conditioning in a Colombian tropical weather
In a recent theoretical study, a passive cooling system using an earth-to-air heat exchanger (EAHE) was modelled for the Colombian tropical weather.
LNG cold energy recovery for salmon aquaculture
A team of Korean researchersis proposing a novel application of LNG cold energy recovery for aquaculture.
Unprecedented images from the centre of our galaxy
The James Webb Space Telescope shows images of the centre of the Milky Way, thanks to its state-of-the-art infrared detectors, which need to be cryogenically cooled to operate...
Innovative solutions to reduce cooling needs for data centres
As the world’s demand for data continues to expand, the creation of new data centres poses the issue of cooling. Innovative solutions using renewable energy sources and heat recovery are presented...
IIR news
9 results
Obituary: André Gac
The IIR is deeply saddened to learn of the passing of André Gac, former IIR Director on July 14th at the age of 98.
ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges
With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...
Call to Action for World Refrigeration Day
In support of this special day, and with the aim of raising awareness and boosting accessibility of the refrigeration sector from the grassroots up on an international level, the IIR is calling to all stakeholders to actively help bring the HVACR...
Experience the unforgettable in Japan at ICR2015: It’s not just about refrigeration, it’s also about fun!
ICR2015: Discover the plenary speakers, technical tours, and popular tours and activities
Healthcare drones: Countless advantages for a healthier society
With the objective of making it possible for those who require urgent healthcare supplies delivered as often and as regularly as necessary, various companies are now pushing the possibilities of exploiting drones to deliver healthcare supplies...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 31
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 31st Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-31) in Rome (November 4-8,...
World Refrigeration Day 2020
World Refrigeration Day 2020: Contribute to the promotion and raising awareness of the HVACR sector
UN Environment and IIR reinforce partnership
In order to formalise their existing partnership, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) and the UN Environment signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) during the 31st Meeting of the parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP).
The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine
Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
11 results
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
